Machine for finishing nuts.



No. 63l,|09. Patented Aug. I5, I899. J. S. DETBICK &. F. H. EASBY.MACHINE FOB FINISHING NUTS.

(Application filed Jan. 14, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet I,

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.1. s. DETBICK & F. H. EASBY.

MACHINE FUR nmsume NUTS.

(Application filed Jam 14, 1399. (No Model) 2 Shets-8heet 2,

- N EMZQW W @Vkihwa UNITED STATES P TENT OFFICE.

JACOB S. DETRICK AND FRANCIS H. EASBY, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNORSTO THE DETRICK & HARVEY MACHINE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR FINISHING NUTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent No. 631,109, dated August15, 1899.

Application filed January 14, 1899. Serial No. 702,161. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, Moon S. DETRICK and FRANCIS H. EASBY, of the cityof Baltimore and State of Maryland, have invented certain Improvementsin Machines for Finishing Nuts, of which the following is aspecification.

In the description of the said invention which follows reference is madeto the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, and in which--Figure 1 is a partially-sectional side view of the improved machine.Fig. 2 is a top view of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section of Fig. 1, taken onthe dotted line or at. Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of certainparts of the machine shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view showingthe face and a central section of three different bushings, any one ofwhich may constitute an element of the machine, as hereinafterdescribed.

Referring now to the drawings, A is the frame of the machine. It is madehollow and the lower portion thereof adapted as a receptacle for toolsand such pieces of the machine as are not in use. It is provided with adoor a.

B is a revoluble spindle supported in bearing-boxes b in the frame A.The rear end of the spindle bears against a thrust-screw c in a bracketC, and the front end is bored to receive a mandrel D, which is threadedat its outer end to receive nuts to be faced.

The mandrel D, together with certain parts of the machine adjacentthereto, is shown on an enlarged scale in Fig. 4.

The parts of the frame A which contain the bearing-boxes b are extendedupward to provide bearings e for the driving-shaft E. On

this driving-shaft is secured the cone-driv ing pulley F and thegear-wheels H and I, the former being the smaller of the two.

J and K are gear-wheels adapted to turn loosely on the spindle B withthe latter K in mesh with the gear-wheel I on the drivingshaft E. Theother gear-wheel J is driven from the gear-wheel H through the medium ofthe idle gear-wheel L, which turns loosely on a stud g. Owing to theinterposition of the idle gear-wheel between the wheels H and J thegear-wheels J and K are revolved in contrary directions. The said wheelshave friction-faces h and t and on the spindle B and between them is afriction-clutch M on a feather, which may be brought in contact witheither friction-face and so revolved in either direction, motion in bothcases being communicated to the spindle B.

The means for sliding the clutch on the spindle B to stop or rotate thespindle in Z either direction consist of a rollerj on'an cccentric-pinis, projecting from an arm Z, and

a hand-lever 1", extending from the hubof the arm. The roller andeccentric-pin, to-

gether with the groove in the clutch in which the roller rests, are onlyshown in dotted lines and that in Fig. 1. The clutch may also beoperated by foot-power, through the medium of the link we, coupled tothe arm Z, the bellcrank 71, and the treadle 0, which is united to thebell-crank n by the rod 19.

N is a chuck resting looselyon the spindle B, the enlarged end 3 ofwhich is adapted to hold a bushing 2, having a central hole of the sameshape and size as the nuts to be faced. The bushing is' held in place byscrews to. Fig. 5 shows two views each of three bushings of difierentinternal sizes.

The portion of the mandrel D situated between the thread and a collar 1)is made smaller than the diameter of the mandrel at the root of thethread, and on it is placed an interiorly-threaded washer w, which afterit has passed the thread of the mandrel becomes loose and falls of itsown weight to the position shown in Fig. 1.

The inner face of the washer w is made spherical and concave, and theadjoining face of the collar b has a similar form, but is convex.Consequently the washer may be moved over the rounded face of the collara limited distance and made to assume a position slightly out ofalinement with the axis of the spindle. By this arrangement a nutscrewed against the washer will find a complete seat whether itscontact-face is at a right angle with the axis or deviates from it. Inother words, a nut Whose face is not square with the axis will be seatedjust as firmly against the washer as one in which the face is true withthe thread.

On the cylindrical portion of the chuck N is a circular flange d, whichis cut away at one side so as to form a shoulder 0, (see Fig. 3,) andunder this flange is placed a brakeshoe 0, having a face f,corresponding in curvature with the flange. Within the shoe andextending transversely of it is a tooth g, which as the shoe is movedtoward the flange and the spindle rotated in the direction necessary tounscrew a nut from the threaded mandrel D will engage with the saidshoulder e, and thereby prevent the turning of the chuck. When thespindle is rotated in the opposite direction or that required to screw anut onto the threaded mandrel, the shoe merely acts as an ordinary brakeand offers but a limited resistance to the turning of the chuck. Themotion of the brake-shoe toward and from the chuck is effected by abrake-lever P, having a spring h, which serves to yieldingly retain theshoe normally away or detached from the periphery of the flange on thechuck. The lever P is pivoted to the frame A at w and is thereby adaptedto be swung horizontally and used to slide the chuck longitudinally ofthe spindle B for a purpose hereinafter described. Beneath the chuck Nare rails Q, which preferably constitute parts of the frame A, and onthese rests a sliding carriage R.

S is a bracket erected on the carriage R. Its upper end is bored andserves as a bearin g for a spindle carrying the cylindrical head T, towhich are secured the cutters 21, which finish the ends of the nuts.

For each dilferent-sized nut there are preferably two cutter-heads, onefor the top and the other for the bottom of the nut, and the former hasthree cutters, the first to square the face of the nut, the second toround the corners, and the third to slightly chamfer the threaded holewhere it adjoins the face. The other head has only two cutters, one toface the bottom of the nut and the other to chamfer the extremity of thethreaded hole.

It will be understood that we have described cutters adapted to finishnuts employed in general machinery; but special cutters may be employed,so as to vary the character of the work to almost any extent withoutaffecting the other parts of the machine or the nature of the invention,of which the cutters in themselves constitute no part.

The carriage, with its bracket S, is moved longitudinally of rails Q bymeans of a shaft U, having at one end an arm V, connected to thebracketbyalinkWV. The shaftUis turned or partially rotated through themedium of a hand-lever A.

To admit of adjustment of the carriage relativelyto the chuck, the linkW is connected to the head of the screw B,which passes through thebracket S and has a locking-nut at each side of the bracket.

The extreme forward movement of the carriage affected by the hand-leverand its attachments, as described, is limited by the arm V coming incontact with alug 7t, and

the carriage is held yieldingly in its extreme backward position by aweighted lever G, as shown in Fig. 1.

D is a tray (see Fig. 1) seated on the carriage R, in which the nuts tobe faced are placed, and E an inclined chute, into which the finishednuts fall as they are discharged from the chuck, as hereinafterdescribed.

A portion of the frame of the machine above the tool-receptacle is usedas a reservoir for lubricating-oil, from which the oil is drawn by meansof a rotary pump F and discharged through a pipe G to the nuts while inthe chuck. The surplus oil falls with the finished nuts to the chute E,a part of which is perforated, and returns thence .to the reservoir, thenuts sliding down to the box I.

Supposing the machine to be in operation with the mandrel revolving inthe proper direction to enter a nut brought in contact with it and thetray D supplied with unfinished nuts, the operator first moves thebrake-lever P to the left, so as to throw out the bushing in the chuckbeyond the end of the mandrel, and thereby admit of the insertion of anut within the said bushing, the chuck at the same time being held fromturning by pressing down the brake-lever, which applies the brake-shoe.Thebrake-leverPis then pushed to the right, which brings the end of thethreaded mandrel in contact with the nut, and if the chuck is again heldfrom turning or even checked in its rotation the nut will be entered onthe thread of the mandrel. As soon as the nut is screwed up to the loosewasher to, which accommodates itself to the nut, as shown in Fig. 4, itwill rotate positively and in common with the mandrel. The nut is now ina condition to have its outer surface or top faced. The operator nextmovesthe hand-lever A to the left, which brings the cutters t" incontact with thenut, and the facing operation begins. The facing iscontinued until the arm V comes into contact with the lug when it isstopped, and the facing operation, as far as the top of the nut isconcerned, is completed. The carriage R is then moved back to itsoriginal situation, or that shown in Fig. 1, and the position of theclutch reversed, so as to revolve the spindle and its mandrel, uponwhich the nut is tightly screwed, in the opposite direction. The brakeis then applied, and the tooth g, engaging with the projection orshoulder e, further revolution of the chuck is prevented, and as themandrel is still in motion the nut is unscrewed from it and falls to thechute e and rolls down to the box I. The direction of the revolution ofthe spindle and its mandrel is then reversed and another nut subjectedto the facing operation described. It will be understood that so faronly one end of the nuts has been faced and that it is necessary, ifthey are to be completely finished, that they should again be putthrough the machine in a reversed position and the other end faced.

It has been stated that the chuck is held from turning while anut isbeing insertedin the bushing of the chuck, and this plan is generallyobserved, as the chuck has only a slight tendency to turn, and thatowing merely to a slight friction between it and the revolving spindle;but, if desired, the clutch may be temporarily placed in a centralposition, when the spindle and chuck will remain stationary.

It will be understood that very little pressure applied to thebrake-lever P will give suflicient friction to the brake-shoe to causethe nut to be screwed up to the washer w; but as in the facing operationthe nut is screwed tightly against the washer considerable force isrequired to release it or to start it in the unscrewing direct-ion. Itis for this reason that we employ the tooth g in connection with theprojection or shoulder e, which gives a positive hold of the chuck withthe application of little force to the brakelever.

We claim as our invention 1. In a machine for facing the ends of nuts,the combination of a spindle with means to revolve it in eitherdirection, a chuck placed loosely on the said spindle with deviceswhereby the same may be held stationary while the spindle is inrevolution, a mandrel in the spindle having a threaded end whichprojects beyond the end of the spindle, a bushing situated Within thechuck adapted to hold nuts, and a head carrying facing-cutters withmechanism whereby the said cutters may be brought into contact with theface of the nut held within the chuck, substantially as specified.

2. In a machine for facing the ends of nuts, a spindle with means torevolve the samein either direction, combined with a chuck situated onthe said spindle adapted to turn loosely about the same and also to havea sliding movement, longitudinally thereof, combined with a brakemechanism whereby the revolution of the chuck maybe prevented and thelongitudinal movement of the same effected, substantially as specified.

3. In a machine for facing the ends of nuts, a spindle with means torevolve it in either direction, combined with a loose chuck situated onthe spindle adapted to have a circumferential motion independently ofthe spindle and also a longitudinal sliding movement along the spindle,and mechanism to retard or stop the revolution of the chuck effected byfriction between it and the revoluble spindle, substantially asspecified.

4. In a machine for facing the ends of nuts, a spindle with means torevolve it in either direction, combined with a chuck which is loose onthe spindle, having a flange, a shoe adapted to fit over the saidflange, and mechanism to bring the said shoe into contact with theperiphery of the said flange, and thereby retard or stop the revolutionof the chuck, substantially as specified.

5. In a machine for facing the ends of nuts, a spindle carrying athreaded mandrel, with means to revolve it in either direction, and aloose nut-holding chuck adapted to receive nuts to be faced, having aflange which is notched or provided with a shoulder, combined with ashoe adapted to be brought against the circumference of the said flangehaving a tooth arranged to engage with the shoulder on the flange whenthe chuck is turned in one direction and thereby prevent the revolutionof the chuck, substantially as specified.

JACOB s. DETRICK. FRANCIS H. EASBY.

\Vitnesses:

J AS. J. C. MCGRATH, G. W. SCHONBERGER.

